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多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)模板具有六角有序排列的柱形孔,且孔径均匀可调,加之其良好的机械和热稳定性,在纳米材料领域得到了广泛研究和应用。近年来,人们通过改变铝阳极氧化条件制备出了多种特殊型纳米PAA模板,并利用这些模板结合物理或化学方法成功地合成了多种新型纳米功能材料。本文在简要介绍常规纳米PAA模板制备的基础上,较全面地综述了诸如孔道呈分叉形、锯齿形、骨形、倒圆锥形,孔洞呈菱形、三角形、正方形,孔道或孔壁结构呈周期性变化等特殊型纳米PAA模板的制备,揭示了电场强度和电解液种类、温度在PAA孔洞形貌尺寸调控方面的重要性,并展望了这类模板的发展方向及应用前景。
Porous anodic aluminum oxide (PAA) template with hexagonal arrangement of cylindrical pores, and uniform pore diameter adjustable, coupled with its good mechanical and thermal stability in the field of nanomaterials has been widely studied and applied. In recent years, many special nano-PAA templates have been prepared by changing the conditions of anodic oxidation of aluminum, and many new nano-functional materials have been successfully synthesized by these templates combined with physical or chemical methods. Based on the brief introduction of the preparation of conventional nano-PAA templates, this paper presents a comprehensive review on the preparation of nano-PAA templates such as bifurcated, zigzag, bony, inverted conical, rhombic, triangular, The preparation of special type PAA PAA templates, such as electric field strength, electrolyte type and temperature, revealed the importance of PAA pore size and size control. The development direction and application prospect of such templates were also prospected.