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目的 通过对近 5年在我院住院麻疹病例的临床流行病学分析 ,探讨控制与消除小儿麻疹的对策。方法 对 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 12月在我院住院的 10 8例麻疹病儿的临床及流行病学特点分析。结果 麻疹发病率有逐年增加趋势 ,2 0 0 3年病例数为 71例 ,是 2 0 0 2年的 2 7倍。低龄婴儿 (<8个月 )占 2 2 2 % ,流动人口占 11 11% ,有预防接种史占 4 5 37% ,无预防接种史者占 4 4 4 % ,接种史不详者占 10 19% ,无明确麻疹接触史者高达 87 0 4 % ,部分临床表现不典型。结论 要关注低龄婴儿麻疹的发病情况 ,有关部门应尽快研制出适合 <8月龄婴儿的麻疹疫苗 ,对于 >8月龄的患儿和儿童仍须扩大麻疹疫苗的覆盖面。可能存在麻疹病毒变异。要注意亚临床型麻疹的问题。从根本上控制乃至消除麻疹应从儿童开始。
Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiological analysis of measles cases hospitalized in our hospital in the past five years to discuss the countermeasures of controlling and eliminating measles in children. Methods The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 108 measles children hospitalized in our hospital from January 1999 to December 2003 were analyzed. As a result, the incidence of measles has been increasing year by year. The number of cases in 2003 was 71, which was 27 times higher than that in 2002. The younger infants (<8 months) accounted for 22.2%, the floating population accounted for 11 11%, the vaccinated ones accounted for 45 37%, the vaccinated ones 444%, the vaccinated ones 10 96% , No clear history of measles exposure up to 87 0 4%, some of the clinical manifestations are not typical. Conclusion To pay attention to the incidence of measles in young infants, relevant departments should develop measles vaccine for infants <8 months old as soon as possible, and still have to expand the coverage of measles vaccine for infants and children> 8 months of age. There may be a measles virus mutation. Pay attention to the problem of subclinical measles. The fundamental control and even elimination of measles should start with children.