文中运用“系统比较法”研究汉语言文字,对汉语汉字的语音、语义、字形这三者的异同搭配进行系统考察,深入分析了字与字、字与词之间的联系和区别,从而理清了汉语言文字学领域中一系列易于混淆的概念。这对于古代汉语、现代汉语的教学与研究都是非常必要的、有益的。在对外汉语教学中,这种方法显得尤其重要。 In this paper, we use the “system comparison method” to study the Chinese language, systematically investigate the similarities and differences between the three languages ​​of Chinese, including pronunciation, semantics and glyphs, and deeply analyze the relations and differences between words and words, words and words. Thus, a series of confusable concepts in Chinese linguistics are clarified. This is very necessary and helpful for ancient Chinese and modern Chinese teaching and research. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, this method is particularly important.