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许多物理现象满足如下叠加原理:几个物理量同时存在所产生的总效果等于各个物理量单独存在时各自产生的效果的总和.力学中有力的合成、运动的合成,电学中有场强的合成、电势的叠加,光学中有光波的干涉和衍射,量子力学中有态的叠加.高中物理教材中虽没有明确提出叠加原理,但由于解题中经常用到,参考资料大多把它当做不言自明的基本原理,不强调其适用条件,造成不辨条件的滥用.下面分别以标量叠加和矢量叠加为例说明.
Many physical phenomena satisfy the following superposition principle: the total effect of several physical quantities existing at the same time is equal to the sum of the effects produced by each physical quantity when they exist alone The powerful synthesis in mechanics, the synthesis in motion, the synthesis in field with strong electric field, the potential Of superposition, optical interference and diffraction of light waves, state of quantum mechanics superposition.Although high school physics textbooks did not explicitly put forward the principle of superposition, but often used in problem solving, reference most of it as a self-evident basic principle , Do not emphasize the conditions of its application, resulting in indiscriminate abuse conditions.The following are scalar superposition and vector superposition as an example.