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脱屑性间质肺炎(DIP)不论在成人及小儿均不多见。病理上此病的2个特征是沿肺泡腔细胞增生和是有充满肺泡腔的脱屑细胞,增生细胞是Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞,肺泡腔内非排列性细胞主要来自巨噬细胞。曾有过一些当肺活检证明为DIP后若干年发展成纤维化肺泡炎的报告。DIP比其他大多数间质性肺炎的预后好些,因多数用类固醇有效,但亦有儿科病例对类固醇和细胞毒性药治疗无效病例报告女婴,孕龄38周,出生体重2.6公斤。因生后很快出现呼吸窘迫而入院,Apgar评分,1分钟1分,5分钟5分。分娩时未见胎粪。阳性所见有中度呼吸窘迫、末稍紫绀、胸骨左缘Ⅱ度缩鸣伴响亮的肺动脉第2音。动脉血PO_211mm Hg,PCO_233mm Hg,pH 7.3,HCO_3 16.6。吸FiO_2 0.9时,PO_2升至123mmHg。X线胸片为充气支气管像而心脏正常。经呼吸机辅助呼吸15天后改用头罩,其FiO_2为0.35。
Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) both in adults and infants are rare. The pathological features of the disease are along the alveolar cell hyperplasia and is full of alveolar cells desquamation cells, hyperplastic cells are type II alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar non-aligned cells mainly from macrophages. There have been some reports of lung biopsy that developed into fibrosis alveolitis several years after DIP. The prognosis for DIP is better than most other interstitial pneumonia, most of which are effective with steroids, but there are also pediatric cases of steroid and cytotoxic drug treatment ineffective case reports of girls, gestational age 38 weeks, birth weight 2.6 kg. Admitted to hospital due to respiratory distress soon after birth, Apgar score, 1 minute 1 minute, 5 minutes 5 minutes. No meconium during childbirth. Positive findings of moderate respiratory distress, the end of cyanosis, stenosis on the left edge of the second degree of stenosis with loud pulmonary second sound. Arterial blood PO_211mm Hg, PCO_233mm Hg, pH 7.3, HCO_3 16.6. PO2 rose to 123 mmHg when FiO2 0.9 was drawn. X-ray chest for the bronchogram and normal heart. Ventilator-assisted breathing after 15 days to switch to hood, its FiO_2 is 0.35.