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目的探讨浊漳河水及改水对林州市居民食管癌性别、年龄别发病率的影响。方法对林州市居民食管癌性别、年龄别发病率时间变化与浊漳河水(红旗渠水)水量变化关系进行相关分析。结果1959年—2003年间,林州市食管癌发病率、死亡率随浊漳河水、红旗渠水的水量时多、时少而上升和下降。1959年—1963年红旗渠通水前食管癌的性别、年龄别发病率相对偏低。红旗渠通水6年后,即1969年—1970年食管癌发病率、死亡率达到历史高峰期,随后,当红旗渠水量减少和恢复时,食管癌发病率、死亡率随之显著下降和显著上升。1995年全县85%的居民改用地下水后,食管癌发病率、死亡率稳定在较低水平。结论林州市居民食管癌发病率时间变化与浊漳河水量变化相一致、并有时间先后关系,先浊漳河水量变化,5-10年发病率随之变化。预防措施应加强“氮循环”病因学说的宣传教育,要特别预防浊漳河水源的工农业污染,净化红旗渠水后再灌溉土地,同时加强饮用水管理和检测,改水、改厕、改善环境卫生、保护水源是预防食管癌的关键措施。
Objective To investigate the influence of Zhuozhang River water and water diversion on the incidence of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City by gender and age. Methods Correlation analysis was made between the changes of gender, age-related incidence of esophageal cancer and changes of water volume in Zhuozhang River (Hongqi Channel) of Linzhou residents. Results Between 1959 and 2003, the morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer in Linzhou increased with the increase of the amount of water in Zhuozhang River and Hongqi Channel. 1959 - 1963 Hongqi canal before esophageal cancer sex, age-related incidence is relatively low. After six years of running through the red flag canal, the incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer reached a historical peak from 1969 to 1970. Subsequently, the morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer decreased significantly and significantly after the decrease and restoration of the red flag canal rise. In 1995 85% of the residents in the county switched to groundwater, the incidence of esophageal cancer, mortality remained stable at a low level. Conclusions The incidence of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City is consistent with the changes of the water volume of the Zhuzhang River. There is a time-dependent relationship between the incidence of the first Zhangzhu River and the change of the incidence in 5-10 years. Preventive measures Publicity and education on the etiology of the “nitrogen cycle” should be strengthened. Industrial and agricultural pollution of the source of the Zhuozhang River should be specially prevented and the irrigated land should be purged after the red flag drainage. At the same time, the management and testing of drinking water should be strengthened. , Improving sanitation and protecting water are the key measures to prevent esophageal cancer.