随着城市人口的老龄化，痴呆的发病逐年增多。其中，血管性痴呆是由脑动脉硬化所造成，许多血管性痴呆患者有中风史，而多发的无症状性腔隙性脑梗塞更被认为是血管性痴呆的先兆［１，２］。为了研究腔隙性脑梗塞与痴呆的相关性，我们对首次发生腔隙性脑梗塞的患者作了长期随访 With the aging of the urban population, the incidence of dementia increases year by year. Among them, vascular dementia is caused by cerebral arteriosclerosis, and many patients with vascular dementia have a history of stroke, while multiple, asymptomatic lacunar infarcts are more prevalent in vascular dementia [1,2]. To investigate the association between lacunar infarction and dementia, we conducted a long-term follow-up of patients with lacunar infarction for the first time