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目的考察先天性聋儿人工耳蜗植入后的汉语普通话声调辨别,探索其特点及影响因素。方法编制含单字词及双字词共64个的《声调测试词表》,标准普通话口语给声,用听说复述法对28名植入人工耳蜗的先天性聋儿及20名同龄正常儿童的声调辨别率进行开放项测试,由听力师、聋儿亲属及语训老师共同判断儿童的辨别结果。分析植入年龄、耳蜗使用时间及实际年龄对声调辨别率的影响,比较人工耳蜗组和正常对照组的声调辨别率,并比较耳蜗组以植入年龄3岁为界分组后的辨别率。结果植入年龄与声调辨别率呈负相关,耳蜗使用时间与辨别率呈正相关。耳蜗组儿童的辨别率显示出很大的个体差异性,平均水平显著低于正常对照组。结论植入年龄、耳蜗使用时间是影响人工耳蜗术后聋儿汉语普通话声调辨别的重要因素,3岁前植入人工耳蜗较3岁后植入可获得更好的声调辨别。
Objective To investigate the tone of Mandarin Chinese after cochlear implantation in congenital deaf children and explore its characteristics and influencing factors. Methods Totally 64 “Tone Test Vocabularies” with single words and double words were prepared, and the standard spoken Chinese was used to make oral speech. Twenty-eight congenital deaf children with cochlear implants and 20 normal children of the same age Of the tone resolution rate of open-item test, hearing therapist, deaf children relatives and language training teacher to determine children’s discrimination results. The effects of implant age, cochlear age and actual age on the tone resolution were analyzed. The tone resolution of cochlear implants and normal controls was compared. The cochlear implants were compared with those of cochlear implants at 3 years old. Results The age of implants was negatively correlated with the tone resolution, and the time of cochlear implantation was positively correlated with the resolution. Cochlear children’s resolution showed a large individual differences, the average level was significantly lower than the normal control group. Conclusion Implantation age and duration of cochlear implants are the important factors influencing mandarin tone recognition in deaf children after cochlear implants. Implantation of cochlear implants before 3 years old is better than that of 3 years old implants.