中国是食用菌生产大国,在食用菌产量逐年增加的同时产生大量菌糠,需要对其进行“减量化、资源化、无害化”处理,但目前菌糠的利用率还很低.从菌糠再次用于栽培食用菌,及作为饲料、生态修复材料和化工材料等方面阐述食用菌菌糠的资源化利用现状,指出存在的问题,并提出加快利用建议.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the causative agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which threatens human health and public safety.In the urgent campaign to develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapies,the initial ent
Pharmacological activation of the xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor(PXR)and constitutive androstane receptor(CAR)is well-known to increase drug metabolism and reduce inflammation.Little is known regarding their physiological functio
Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is a leading reason for preclinical safety attrition and post-market drug withdrawals.Drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity has been shown to play an essential role in various forms of DILI,especially in idiosyncratic liver in
Antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)are gradually revolutionizing clinical cancer therapy.The antibody-drug conjugate linker molecule determines both the efficacy and the adverse effects,and so has a major influence on the fate of ADCs.An ideal linker should be
Encoded by PTPN11,the SHP2(Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2)is widely recognized as a carcinogenic phosphatase.As a promising anti-cancer drug target,SHP2 regulates many signaling pathways such as RAS-RAF-ERK,PI3K-AKT and JA
T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain(TIGIT)is a novel immune checkpoint that has been considered as a target in cancer immunotherapy.Current available bioassays for measuring the biological activity of therapeutic antibodies targeting TIGIT are restricte
追溯疾病的发现过程rn脊髓性肌萎缩症的发现可追溯到19世纪90年代.1891年,奥地利神经疾病学家圭多·韦德尼格最先描述两位兄弟患儿.1893-1900年,德国神经疾病学家约翰·霍夫曼进一步描述7位患儿.他们注意到这些患儿在出生后几个月内就出现不同程度的肌无力,且疾病发生具有一定家族性.他们进一步研究发现,这些患儿脊髓前角部位的运动神经元出现退化,正是这一原因导致骨骼肌功能受损.为纪念两位科学家,Ⅰ型脊髓性肌萎縮症又被称为“霍夫曼-韦德尼格病”.
Liver diseases are considered to predominantly possess an inherited or xenobiotic etiology.However,inheritance drives the ability to appropriately adapt to environmental stressors,and disease is the culmination of a maladaptive response.Thus“pure”genetic