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通过对近代中国社会意识形态变迁轨迹的考察、变迁原因的剖析,可以看到:“五四”新文化运动是“事有必至,理有固然”.作为现代中国历史起点的新文化运动,从某种意义上讲,是为了给辛亥革命所建立的民主共和政体寻求合法性基础而重构意识形态的运动.“五四”先哲表达了学术独立的理想,但近代史自身的逻辑使新文化运动高度意识形态化了.“五四”标举民主、科学,发挥了伟大的启蒙作用,但另一方面,当文化的多元结构被具有强烈政治色彩的意识形态一元结构所取代时,就为日后中国社会走向“文革”那样的文化专制主义埋下了伏笔.“文革”是与“五四”精神背道而驰的.痛定思痛,在民族生存已经得到保障,民族发展成为时代主题的今天,应当提倡学术独立,采文化多元主义,在丰富的思想文化资源的滋润下迎接中华文明的伟大友兴.
Through the investigation of the change of social ideology in modern China and the analysis of the causes of change, we can see that the “May 4th” New Culture Movement is “a matter of necessity and a reasonable one.” As a new cultural movement starting from the history of modern China, In a sense, it is a movement to reconstruct the ideology for seeking the legitimacy foundation for the democratic republic formed by the Revolution of 1911. The “May 4th” scholar expounded the ideal of academic independence, but the logic of modern history made the new culture Movement was highly ideological. “May 4th” marked democracy and science and played a great enlightening role. On the other hand, when the pluralistic structure of culture was replaced by a ideological unification structure with strong political overtones, In the future, Chinese society has taken the fore to the cultural despotism like the “Cultural Revolution.” The “Cultural Revolution” runs counter to the spirit of the “May 4 Movement.” Learning from the pitfalls of national survival has been guaranteed and national development has become the theme of the times, we should promote scholarship Independence and adopt cultural pluralism, and meet the great friendship of Chinese civilization under the nourishment of rich ideological and cultural resources.