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在近年来中国经济和贸易发展所引发的资源、环境问题日趋严重的背景下,本文通过对WTO相关规定的法律分析和2004年中欧焦炭贸易争端的实证研究,初步探讨了有关出口限制措施在WTO法上的合法性和中国应有的对策,指出中国应认真研究GATT第20条等条款并精心设计相应的出口贸易限制措施,使之达到有效保护国内环境和资源及符合我国在WTO内所承担义务的双重效果。具体而言,应尽量避免使用易于引起贸易纷争的出口配额和其他非关税措施,更多采用透明度较大而歧视性较小的出口环节环境(资源)税,并采取措施对各种资源性产品的国内生产和消费进行限制。
Against the background of the increasingly serious resource and environmental problems caused by the economic and trade development in China in recent years, this paper analyzes the relevant legal provisions of WTO and the empirical study on the coke trade dispute between China and the EU in 2004, The legitimacy of the law and China’s countermeasures, pointed out that China should seriously study Article 20 of the GATT and carefully designed the corresponding export trade restrictions, so that it can effectively protect the domestic environment and resources and in line with China’s commitment within the WTO Dual effect of obligation. Specifically, export quotas and other non-tariff measures that are likely to cause trade disputes should be avoided as much as possible, more transparency should be applied to the environment (resource) tax on exports that are more transparent and less discriminatory, and measures should be taken to protect all kinds of resource products Domestic production and consumption restrictions.