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本区大部分位于秦岭褶皱系中,仅方城小顶山——杨楼以北属华北地台。全区地质构造比较复杂,地史演化具有典型多旋回的特点。 本区地层分属秦岭地层区和华北地层区,在秦岭地层区内,从最老的太古界到最新的新生界均有出露。在中生代以前,表现为地槽沉积,海相火山岩建造、复理石建造、碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩建造均较发育,并间互存在。各时代地层厚度较大,岩相变化也很快。前寒武纪地层多发生区域变质,其中前震旦系达中深变质程度(角内岩相)。在华北地层区内,小顶山至杨楼一带零星出露中元古界汝阳群,震旦系及寒武系。
Most of the area is located in the Qinling fold system, only Fangcheng Xiaodingshan - north of Yanglou is North China platform. Geological structure of the region is more complicated, the history of the evolution of a typical multi-cycle characteristics. The strata belong to the Qinling stratigraphic zone and the North China stratigraphic zone. In the Qinling stratigraphic zone, they are exposed from the oldest Archean boundary to the new Cenozoic. Prior to the Mesozoic, it was characterized by geosyncline deposition, marine volcanic rock formation and flysch construction, and the clastic rock-carbonate rock formation was relatively well developed and interdependent. Stratum thickness in all ages, facies changes rapidly. Precambrian stratigraphy occurs more than regional metamorphism, of which the former Sinian reaches medium-deep metamorphism (intraocular lithofacies). In the North China stratum, the area from Xiaodingshan to Yanglou sporadically reveals the Ruyang Group, Sinian and Cambrian of the Proterozoic.