膀胱移行细胞癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,70%为浅表性肿瘤,可行经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术(TURBT)治疗,但5年内复发的可能性高达70%,且有10%~20%的患者可发展为浸润性膀胱癌[1]。因此,定期随访并早期发现复发在膀胱肿瘤的治疗中占有重要地位。目前,膀胱肿瘤的诊断和随访,主要依靠 Bladder transitional cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in the urinary system. 70% of them are superficial tumors and can be treated with TURBT. However, the possibility of recurrence within 5 years is as high as 70% and 10% Twenty percent of patients develop invasive bladder cancer [1]. Therefore, regular follow-up and early detection of recurrence plays an important role in the treatment of bladder cancer. At present, the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder tumors mainly rely on