“一锅饭吃了十个人”是现代汉语中比较特殊的一种句结构。其线性结构符合汉语的SVO结构,然而其主语和宾语的语义角色关系跟其所处的位置截然相反。本文认为该句和“一张床睡了三个人”这类句子并不属于同一范畴。本文从历时与共时的角度描写和分析该句形成的原因,以及运用语用与认知理论对该句的形成进行阐释。 “A pot of rice to eat ten people ” is a rather special kind of sentence structure in modern Chinese. Its linear structure conforms to the Chinese SVO structure, however, the semantic roles of its subject and object are opposite to their positions. This article considers that sentence and “a bed slept three people” such sentences do not belong to the same category. This article describes and analyzes the formation of the sentence from the diachronic and synchronic perspectives, and explains the formation of the sentence by using pragmatic and cognitive theory.