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极化雷达(PR)能够测量一个反射目标(RO)的散射矩阵(SM)S,从而得到该目标远场中的全部信息。这个散射矩阵取决于所选择的极化基线、单色雷达信号的发射频率与雷达-反射目标的视线(LOS)。鉴于视线的轨迹仅在一个围绕预计值的有界区域内变化,在时间(i)的散射矩阵S(i)可以看作是一个平稳随机矢量过程S(i)的样本值,这里矢量S(i)=(S_(11)(i),S_(21)(i),S_(12)(i),S_(22)(i))~T包含作为矢量分量的散射矩阵元S_(ii)(i)。矢量序列〔S(i)|k(i=1,…,N)是对k个不同的反射目标的测量数据,它们就是下文叙述的信号处理的输入序列。如果一部雷达仅仅能够测量散射矩阵的一部分,我们则称这部雷达为一部接收的极化雷达(RPR)。在这种情况下,信号处理的输入序列是〔S(i)〕|k=(S_(11)
The Polarimetric Radar (PR) measures the scattering matrix (SM) S of a reflecting target (RO) to obtain all the information in the target far field. This scattering matrix depends on the chosen polarization baseline, the emission frequency of the monochromatic radar signal, and the line of sight (LOS) of the radar-reflecting target. Since the trajectory of the line of sight varies only within a bounded area around the expected value, the scattering matrix S (i) at time (i) can be considered as the sample value of a stationary random vector process S (i) where the vector S (i), S_ (21) (i), S_ (12) (i), S_ (22) (i)) to T include the scattering matrix element S_ (ii) as a vector component, (i). The vector sequence [S (i) | k (i = 1, ..., N) is the measurement data for k different reflection targets and is the input sequence for the signal processing described below. If a radar can only measure part of the scattering matrix, we call it a receiving polarized radar (RPR). In this case, the signal processing input sequence is [S (i)] | k = (S_ (11)