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为了研究人工抽水行为对周边地下水位的影响,在塔里木沙漠公路防护林生态工程第69号水源井处布设了抽水试验观测场,利用连续定位观测数据,分析了地下水位降深与时间的关系、地下水位的空间差异性规律;在此基础上利用Neuman井流模型方法,分析了含水层的传导性和贮水性,确定了该区域的相关水文地质参数;并利用Theis预报方法,对抽水引起的水位变化进行了短期预报。研究结果表明:抽水过程水位上升和下降过程均可分为快速和慢速两个阶段,含水层具有弹性释水和重力释水作用的特征;计算得出部分水文地质参数为:T=1.50E+1m3/d,Kh=3.74E+1 m/d,σ=1.12E-2;预测得出持续抽水1000 min时的抽水影响半径约为400m。文中研究所得出的水文地质参数符合该地区的水文地质条件,可作为相似区域水文地质学研究的参考;地下水位在抽水行为结束后,能够恢复到抽水前的水平;抽水行为对周边地下水位的影响范围不大,多个水源井之间不会形成相互干扰,不会引起天然地下水位的持续下降。研究结果可为沙漠公路沿线地下水资源的可持续利用和防护林生态工程整体的稳定性及长久运行提供一定的理论依据。
In order to study the influence of artificial pumping action on the surrounding groundwater level, a pumping experiment observation field was set up in the water source well of Tarim Desert Highway Shelterbelt Ecological Engineering No. 69. Based on the continuous positioning observation data, the relationship between the groundwater depth and the time was analyzed. On the basis of this, Neuman well flow model method was used to analyze the conductivity and water storage of the aquifer and to determine the relevant hydrogeological parameters in the area. Theis forecast method was used to estimate the water level Changes have been made in the short term. The results show that the process of water level rising and falling can be divided into two stages, rapid and slow. The aquifer has the characteristics of elastic water release and gravitational water release. Some hydrogeological parameters are calculated as follows: T = 1.50E + 1m3 / d, Kh = 3.74E + 1 m / d, σ = 1.12E-2. It is predicted that the pumping influence radius when the continuous pumping is 1000 min is about 400m. The hydrogeological parameters obtained from the study are in line with the hydrogeological conditions of the area and can be used as a reference for the study of hydrogeology in similar areas. After the pumping action, the groundwater level can be recovered to the level before pumping, and the pumping behavior affects the surrounding groundwater level The impact range is not large, and no mutual interference will occur between multiple water source wells, which will not cause the continuous decline of natural groundwater level. The results can provide some theoretical basis for the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources and the overall stability and long-term operation of shelterbelts along the desert highway.