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罗宾逊直升机接连几起的航空事故，让人们忍不住疑问：“罗宾逊的直升机到底安全不安全？”本刊带着这个疑问，访问了美国罗宾逊直升机公司、直升机销售代理商、通航运营商、航校及民航局相关人员，听他们为我们做一个分析。
Since March 2013， a series of R22 and R44 accidents in and out of China has attracted attention of the general aviation industry to the American manufacturer-Robinson Helicopter Company.
一架R44在悉尼以南大约60公里的Bulli Tops地区的草地坠毁，造成4人死亡。
On March 21st， a R44 crashed at a grassed area at Bulli Tops 60 km south of Sydney， killing four on board.
西安市公安局特警支队一架警航直升机R44在执行飞行训练任务时，在蓝田玉山镇上空失事，1人逃生2人牺牲。
On June 3rd， a R44 police helicopter of the Xi'an Public Security Bureau Special Police Unit crashed at Lantian County， Yushan Town during routine training flight， causing two dead and one injured.
广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的一架R22轻型直升机在广州市南沙区大岗镇坠毁，机上一名男机师和一名女飞行学员死亡。
On July 29th， a R22 of Guangzhou Suilian Helicopter General Aviation Corporation crashed at Dagang Town， Nansha District of Guangzhou， killing the male instructor and female cadet on board.
俄罗斯伊尔库斯克传来一架R44直升机坠毁的消息，事故造成2人死亡。
On August 6th， 2013， a R44 crashed at Irkutsk， Russia， killing two.
今年3月以来，美国罗宾逊公司R22、R44系列直升机在国内外发生数起事故，引起了国内外通航业界人士的广泛关注。
Since March 2013， a series of R22 and R44 accidents in and out of China has attracted attention of the general aviation industry to the American manufacturer – Robinson Helicopter Company.
本刊获悉，此次发生事故的广州穗联直升机通用航空公司，早在2011年～2012年，还曾先后两次发生R22直升机安全事件，导致紧急迫降，幸未有人员伤亡。民航管理部门透露，目前广州穗联直升机通用航空公司已经暂停营业，民航管理部门正在进行事故的责任认定。
由于调查认定除了针对事发公司，还会涉及到飞机的生产厂家等，将会是一个较长的过程。因此，目前尚未有上述事故的权威原因认定。然而，近期罗宾逊直升机事故频发，还是在国内外航空业界引起了不小的反响，特别是在中国通用航空产业蓬勃发展的当下，导致事故的究竟是飞机自身设计缺陷，还是飞行员经验、维护管理，甚至天气等客观原因，亟需厘清。
Before the recent crash， Guangzhou Suilian Helicopter General Aviation Corporation had two other R22 safety incidents in 2011 and 2012 leading to emergency landings. According to the civil aviation regulator， operation of the company has been suspended for accident investigation.
The investigation may take a while as both the operator and manufacturer are suspected for the cause of the accident. By far， no authoritative conclusion has been reached， but the surge of accidents has taken its toll， especially on the rapid growing general aviation industry in China， which is waiting to see whether the crashes were caused by design deficiency， maintenance slip， pilot error， or weather.
罗宾逊直升机公司是美国一家著名的研制生产轻小型2～4座直升机的企业，旗下设计、生产R22、R44和R66等直升机。该公司官方表示，R22直升机已交付于世界各地的60多个国家，“它保持了在相同重量等级内的包括速度、高度和距离的每一项性能纪录。”1992年，罗宾逊直升机公司基于R22的技术经验，再次研制推出了R44“雷鸟”系列4座轻型直升机，并于1993年交付了首架R44。The Robinson Helicopter Company is a famous American manufacturer of 2 to 4 seat light helicopters， its products include R22， R44， and R66. According to the company， R22 has been delivered to over 60 countries. The aircraft holds every world record in its weight class， including speed， altitude and distance. Based on R22 technology， the four-seat model R44 Raven was launched in 1992 and first delivered in 1993. 全球保有量巨大
R22直升机和R44直升机是美国罗宾逊直升机公司生产的两款主力机型，也是在世界通航市场上占有率极大的两款机型。据本刊粗略统计，R22和R44在我国的总保有量约为30架左右，主要用于私人飞行员的培训，是在我国销量最好的轻型直升机之一。罗宾逊直升机公司的飞机一直以生产低价位、高标准、高性能的轻型直升机而著称，但接连几起航空事故，还是让人们不禁对罗宾逊直升机的安全性产生了担忧。
美国罗宾逊直升机董事长Kurt Robinson在接受本刊采访时表示，就广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的直升机坠毁事件，他们还未得到来自该公司官方就本次事件的任何信息，但在他看来，这起事故由飞行员驾驶失误导致的可能性很大，“R22和R44的机械性能非常好，两款直升机因机械性能而引起事故的记录少之又少。”
他向本刊出具的美国罗宾逊直升机公司官方数据显示，该公司已在全球范围内交付R22直升机4500架，但具体有多少架R22和R44直升机交付到中国市场，他们并未透露。
罗宾逊直升机公司设在中国的销售代理公司—卓诚动力有限公司销售总监易海则告诉本刊：“罗宾逊的直升机产品都很成熟，以10年为设计寿命，而且其设计理念简单，无论驾驶还是维护，相对都很容易。”但是就近期罗宾逊直升机事故原因，他并未给出一个评断。
Large Number in Operation
As key products of the Robinson Helicopter Company， R22 and R44 account for a very large share on the global general aviation market. There are about 30 R22 and R44 helicopters operating in China， most of which are used as trainers， making it the best-selling light helicopter in the country. The company is known for its low-price， high-standard， high-performance light helicopters， but the recent accidents have put its safety record under challenge.
Kurt Robinson， Chairman of the Robinson Helicopter Company， told U-Jet that they have not received any official update on the Guangzhou crash probe， but in his view， the possibility of pilot error is very high. “R22 and R44 have excellent technical performance. Very few of its recorded accidents were caused by mechanical problems.”
According to him， the company has delivered 4，500 R22 helicopters across the world， though he did not disclose how many R22 and R44 have been delivered to China.
Yi Hai， Sales Director of PTE Systems， the distributor of Robinson helicopters in China told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are mature models with a designed life-cycle of 10 years. They are comparatively easy to pilot and maintain." He offered no comment on the recent accidents.
近年来频繁发生的直升机事故不仅限于罗宾逊，2012年7月，云南通用航空有限公司的一架贝尔206L-4型直升机在楚雄市青山嘴水库坠毁，1人遇难，2人受伤。2013年6月，西林凤腾通用航空公司的一架小型直升飞机斯瓦泽300，在广汉市境内青白江附近坠落，致1名机组人员死亡，1名机组人员受伤。Robinson is not the only accident-troubled helicopter in recent years. In July 2012， a Bell 206L-4 helicopter of Yunnan General Aviation Corporation crashed at Qingshan reservoir in the city of Chuxiong， killing 1 and injured 2. In June 2013， a Schwarzer 300 XiLin FengTeng General Aviation crashed in Guanghan， causing 1 dead and 1 injured.
Helicopter Performance under Debate
Kingwing Aviation， a subsidiary of Zenisun Investment Group， used to be the biggest customer of Robinson Helicopter Company. But about 2 years ago， Kingwing sold out all its Robinson helicopters. Xia Mingxiao， Vice President of helicopter distributor Sino-US Intercontinental， another subsidiary of Zenisun， told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are too agile to maneuver for new cadets. Flight instructors have to always remain highly alert. Its safety and technical performance are not as reliable as other trainers." He added that because CAAC regulates that a general aviation operator has to own at least two aircraft in order to obtain the operating license， it is often start-ups that purchase R22 and R44 for their low acquisition and maintenance cost. Whether Robinson helicopters are swift and agile may vary in different eyes， Yi said， but its advantages in price， operation， maintenance， and maneuver makes it the most popular light helicopter. As the number of aircraft goes up， so does flight hours and accidents. "If you do not fly， of course there won't be any accident." We cannot judge safety performance of an aircraft based simply on the number of accidents. The Robinson helicopters are in fact mature and safe helicopter models.
But according to insiders， technical fault could not be ruled out as a cause of the accidents. "There could be many causes to an accident--technical fault， pilot error， or bad fuel. Jet fuel in China is sourced from various channels and its quality may vary. Inferior fuel might as well cause R22 in-flight engine shutdown." Jiang Wen， President of China at General Dynamic Aero Industry explained that "in terms of performance， pistol engine helicopters， in particular light helicopters like R22 are in general not as safe as turboprop helicopters."
涉事直升机性能特点引争议
据悉，上海金汇通用航空有限公司曾经是罗宾逊直升机公司在中国大陆的第一大客户，但早在两年前，金汇通航却将旗下的罗宾逊飞机全部进行了转手处理。与金汇通航同属上海正阳投资集团、负责直升机销售业务的中美洲际直升机投资上海有限公司副总夏明晓告诉本刊：“罗宾逊飞机过于灵活，不利于新学员找到驾驶手感，并且需要飞行教员保持极度警惕。而且与其他教练机相比，它的安全系数和机械性能也比较差。”他同时表示，按照民航局规定，筹建的通航公司获得批准的条件之一就是必须自有至少两架飞机，因为R22和R44的购置和维护价格比较便宜，故国内购买R22和R44的大多是筹建中的通航公司。
但就“灵活机动、反应敏捷”的特点，易海认为，这是一个见仁见智的问题。他表示，由于在价格、运行成本、维护、操纵性方面的优势，罗宾逊直升机成为了最受欢迎的轻型直升机，数量多了，飞行时间就多，发生的事故当然会相应地多。“如果不飞，肯定不会有事故。”所以，不能看到发生这么多事故，就认为罗宾逊直升机的安全性差，它们实际都已经成为一个成熟的、安全的机型。
另有业内人士表示，罗宾逊飞机事故频发，不排除有机械故障的原因。“就一个事件本身来讲，导致事故的原因有很多，机械的故障、人员的操控、使用的航油都有可能导致事故。以航油为例，目前国内的航空汽油的来源渠道多样，质量也不稳定，劣质的航空汽油也可能导致R22飞机发动机空中停止工作。但从性能上来讲，活塞式直升机，尤其是R22这类轻型活塞直升机的安全系数确实要比涡轴直升机低一些。”捷德航空工业有限公司中国区总裁江文全向本刊这样解释。
活塞发动机是利用一个或多个活塞将压力转换成旋转动能的发动机，涡轴发动机是通过一个压力室，压缩空气，再将其压入燃烧室，形成高温高压的燃气带动涡轮。涡轴发动机比活塞发动机的重量轻，其次涡轴发动机振动小，噪音小。但在单位燃油消耗率方面，涡轴发动机逊于活塞发动机。A piston engine converts air pressure to kinetic energy with one or more pistons. A turbo engine forces air through a compressor， into a combustion chamber， and drives turbine with high-temperature， high-pressure exhaust. A turbo engine is lighter， quieter， and less vibrant than a piston engine. But a piston engine burns less fuel than a turboprop.
通航安全需要全盘考虑
另外一些业内人士认为，机械故障和飞行员操作失误只是表面的现象，事故的原因应该从深层次的角度去探寻。青岛九天飞行学院市场部部长张鸿飞对本刊说：“罗宾逊直升机在非高原环境下，其可靠性和经济性还是不错的。但需要注意的是，国内航空的发展主要集中在121部旅客运输方面，国内对直升机的需求一直不旺盛，故民航局对直升机的培训以及运营制定的标准相对固定翼低，从而导致了直升机的保有量不多，国内真正能飞的直升机也就400架左右。因为飞机少，对飞行员和机务人员的数量和素质要求相对则会降低，培训和运用过程中把关也会不严。”据悉，国内直升机驾驶员培训一般在3至6个月，某些通航公司的官网资料甚至显示，学员只需要3星期的密集培训就有机会考取直升机私用驾驶员执照。 罗宾逊直升机的性能到底如何，目前各方还没有得出权威结论。在诸多因素的干扰之下，萦绕在罗宾逊直升机周围的安全疑云远未散去，而业界亟盼了解的是除了该飞机自身是否存在缺陷外，中国直升机产业发展中是否还存在更需引起重视的涉及人才培养、行业管理、发展阶段和规律在内的一系列深层次问题。
针对近期国内不断频发的通航事故，本刊专门询问了中国民航局相关部门的负责人员，因为广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的事故还在调查中，该工作人员并未对事故做任何评断，而且也并未对今后在政策指导和部门监管上透露信息。他表示，通航安全需要全盘考虑，任何“夸大其词”和“因噎废食”都会对原本基础就薄弱的通航产生危害。
The Big Picture
Other insiders noted that we should look at underlying causes of the accidents rather than stop at superficial ones like technical fault or pilot error. Zhang Hongfei， Head of Marketing of Qiandao Jiutian International Flight Academy， told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are quite reliable and economical under non-plateau environment. But it should be noted that because domestic aviation focus mainly on Part 121 passenger transportation， there is limited demand for helicopter and fewer regulation on its training and operation. There are only 400 helicopters operating in China. Less aircraft means looser training and operation regulation and lower qualification requirement for the small number of pilots and engineers."
In China， a helicopter pilot can acquire a certificate with a training of 3 to 6 months， some general aviation operators even claim on their websites that cadets can obtain a pilot certificate with a 3-week intensive training.
Whether aircraft performance underlines the recent crashes are still under investigation. But what the domestic industry expects to know is that apart from possible helicopter deficiencies， are there deeper questions， such as training standard， industry regulation， or development pattern of the industry that has to be addressed.
We also approached a related official in CAAC， but because the Guangzhou accident is still under investigation， He offered on comment on recent general aviation accidents or on future policy guidance and regulating measures. But he did emphasis that we should look at the whole picture when we consider general aviation safety， any "exaggeration" or "stop eating because of a hiccup" will shake up the already weak basis of the general aviation development in China.
Since March 2013， a series of R22 and R44 accidents in and out of China has attracted attention of the general aviation industry to the American manufacturer-Robinson Helicopter Company.
一架R44在悉尼以南大约60公里的Bulli Tops地区的草地坠毁，造成4人死亡。
On March 21st， a R44 crashed at a grassed area at Bulli Tops 60 km south of Sydney， killing four on board.
西安市公安局特警支队一架警航直升机R44在执行飞行训练任务时，在蓝田玉山镇上空失事，1人逃生2人牺牲。
On June 3rd， a R44 police helicopter of the Xi'an Public Security Bureau Special Police Unit crashed at Lantian County， Yushan Town during routine training flight， causing two dead and one injured.
广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的一架R22轻型直升机在广州市南沙区大岗镇坠毁，机上一名男机师和一名女飞行学员死亡。
On July 29th， a R22 of Guangzhou Suilian Helicopter General Aviation Corporation crashed at Dagang Town， Nansha District of Guangzhou， killing the male instructor and female cadet on board.
俄罗斯伊尔库斯克传来一架R44直升机坠毁的消息，事故造成2人死亡。
On August 6th， 2013， a R44 crashed at Irkutsk， Russia， killing two.
今年3月以来，美国罗宾逊公司R22、R44系列直升机在国内外发生数起事故，引起了国内外通航业界人士的广泛关注。
Since March 2013， a series of R22 and R44 accidents in and out of China has attracted attention of the general aviation industry to the American manufacturer – Robinson Helicopter Company.
本刊获悉，此次发生事故的广州穗联直升机通用航空公司，早在2011年～2012年，还曾先后两次发生R22直升机安全事件，导致紧急迫降，幸未有人员伤亡。民航管理部门透露，目前广州穗联直升机通用航空公司已经暂停营业，民航管理部门正在进行事故的责任认定。
由于调查认定除了针对事发公司，还会涉及到飞机的生产厂家等，将会是一个较长的过程。因此，目前尚未有上述事故的权威原因认定。然而，近期罗宾逊直升机事故频发，还是在国内外航空业界引起了不小的反响，特别是在中国通用航空产业蓬勃发展的当下，导致事故的究竟是飞机自身设计缺陷，还是飞行员经验、维护管理，甚至天气等客观原因，亟需厘清。
Before the recent crash， Guangzhou Suilian Helicopter General Aviation Corporation had two other R22 safety incidents in 2011 and 2012 leading to emergency landings. According to the civil aviation regulator， operation of the company has been suspended for accident investigation.
The investigation may take a while as both the operator and manufacturer are suspected for the cause of the accident. By far， no authoritative conclusion has been reached， but the surge of accidents has taken its toll， especially on the rapid growing general aviation industry in China， which is waiting to see whether the crashes were caused by design deficiency， maintenance slip， pilot error， or weather.
罗宾逊直升机公司是美国一家著名的研制生产轻小型2～4座直升机的企业，旗下设计、生产R22、R44和R66等直升机。该公司官方表示，R22直升机已交付于世界各地的60多个国家，“它保持了在相同重量等级内的包括速度、高度和距离的每一项性能纪录。”1992年，罗宾逊直升机公司基于R22的技术经验，再次研制推出了R44“雷鸟”系列4座轻型直升机，并于1993年交付了首架R44。The Robinson Helicopter Company is a famous American manufacturer of 2 to 4 seat light helicopters， its products include R22， R44， and R66. According to the company， R22 has been delivered to over 60 countries. The aircraft holds every world record in its weight class， including speed， altitude and distance. Based on R22 technology， the four-seat model R44 Raven was launched in 1992 and first delivered in 1993. 全球保有量巨大
R22直升机和R44直升机是美国罗宾逊直升机公司生产的两款主力机型，也是在世界通航市场上占有率极大的两款机型。据本刊粗略统计，R22和R44在我国的总保有量约为30架左右，主要用于私人飞行员的培训，是在我国销量最好的轻型直升机之一。罗宾逊直升机公司的飞机一直以生产低价位、高标准、高性能的轻型直升机而著称，但接连几起航空事故，还是让人们不禁对罗宾逊直升机的安全性产生了担忧。
美国罗宾逊直升机董事长Kurt Robinson在接受本刊采访时表示，就广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的直升机坠毁事件，他们还未得到来自该公司官方就本次事件的任何信息，但在他看来，这起事故由飞行员驾驶失误导致的可能性很大，“R22和R44的机械性能非常好，两款直升机因机械性能而引起事故的记录少之又少。”
他向本刊出具的美国罗宾逊直升机公司官方数据显示，该公司已在全球范围内交付R22直升机4500架，但具体有多少架R22和R44直升机交付到中国市场，他们并未透露。
罗宾逊直升机公司设在中国的销售代理公司—卓诚动力有限公司销售总监易海则告诉本刊：“罗宾逊的直升机产品都很成熟，以10年为设计寿命，而且其设计理念简单，无论驾驶还是维护，相对都很容易。”但是就近期罗宾逊直升机事故原因，他并未给出一个评断。
Large Number in Operation
As key products of the Robinson Helicopter Company， R22 and R44 account for a very large share on the global general aviation market. There are about 30 R22 and R44 helicopters operating in China， most of which are used as trainers， making it the best-selling light helicopter in the country. The company is known for its low-price， high-standard， high-performance light helicopters， but the recent accidents have put its safety record under challenge.
Kurt Robinson， Chairman of the Robinson Helicopter Company， told U-Jet that they have not received any official update on the Guangzhou crash probe， but in his view， the possibility of pilot error is very high. “R22 and R44 have excellent technical performance. Very few of its recorded accidents were caused by mechanical problems.”
According to him， the company has delivered 4，500 R22 helicopters across the world， though he did not disclose how many R22 and R44 have been delivered to China.
Yi Hai， Sales Director of PTE Systems， the distributor of Robinson helicopters in China told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are mature models with a designed life-cycle of 10 years. They are comparatively easy to pilot and maintain." He offered no comment on the recent accidents.
近年来频繁发生的直升机事故不仅限于罗宾逊，2012年7月，云南通用航空有限公司的一架贝尔206L-4型直升机在楚雄市青山嘴水库坠毁，1人遇难，2人受伤。2013年6月，西林凤腾通用航空公司的一架小型直升飞机斯瓦泽300，在广汉市境内青白江附近坠落，致1名机组人员死亡，1名机组人员受伤。Robinson is not the only accident-troubled helicopter in recent years. In July 2012， a Bell 206L-4 helicopter of Yunnan General Aviation Corporation crashed at Qingshan reservoir in the city of Chuxiong， killing 1 and injured 2. In June 2013， a Schwarzer 300 XiLin FengTeng General Aviation crashed in Guanghan， causing 1 dead and 1 injured.
Helicopter Performance under Debate
Kingwing Aviation， a subsidiary of Zenisun Investment Group， used to be the biggest customer of Robinson Helicopter Company. But about 2 years ago， Kingwing sold out all its Robinson helicopters. Xia Mingxiao， Vice President of helicopter distributor Sino-US Intercontinental， another subsidiary of Zenisun， told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are too agile to maneuver for new cadets. Flight instructors have to always remain highly alert. Its safety and technical performance are not as reliable as other trainers." He added that because CAAC regulates that a general aviation operator has to own at least two aircraft in order to obtain the operating license， it is often start-ups that purchase R22 and R44 for their low acquisition and maintenance cost. Whether Robinson helicopters are swift and agile may vary in different eyes， Yi said， but its advantages in price， operation， maintenance， and maneuver makes it the most popular light helicopter. As the number of aircraft goes up， so does flight hours and accidents. "If you do not fly， of course there won't be any accident." We cannot judge safety performance of an aircraft based simply on the number of accidents. The Robinson helicopters are in fact mature and safe helicopter models.
But according to insiders， technical fault could not be ruled out as a cause of the accidents. "There could be many causes to an accident--technical fault， pilot error， or bad fuel. Jet fuel in China is sourced from various channels and its quality may vary. Inferior fuel might as well cause R22 in-flight engine shutdown." Jiang Wen， President of China at General Dynamic Aero Industry explained that "in terms of performance， pistol engine helicopters， in particular light helicopters like R22 are in general not as safe as turboprop helicopters."
涉事直升机性能特点引争议
据悉，上海金汇通用航空有限公司曾经是罗宾逊直升机公司在中国大陆的第一大客户，但早在两年前，金汇通航却将旗下的罗宾逊飞机全部进行了转手处理。与金汇通航同属上海正阳投资集团、负责直升机销售业务的中美洲际直升机投资上海有限公司副总夏明晓告诉本刊：“罗宾逊飞机过于灵活，不利于新学员找到驾驶手感，并且需要飞行教员保持极度警惕。而且与其他教练机相比，它的安全系数和机械性能也比较差。”他同时表示，按照民航局规定，筹建的通航公司获得批准的条件之一就是必须自有至少两架飞机，因为R22和R44的购置和维护价格比较便宜，故国内购买R22和R44的大多是筹建中的通航公司。
但就“灵活机动、反应敏捷”的特点，易海认为，这是一个见仁见智的问题。他表示，由于在价格、运行成本、维护、操纵性方面的优势，罗宾逊直升机成为了最受欢迎的轻型直升机，数量多了，飞行时间就多，发生的事故当然会相应地多。“如果不飞，肯定不会有事故。”所以，不能看到发生这么多事故，就认为罗宾逊直升机的安全性差，它们实际都已经成为一个成熟的、安全的机型。
另有业内人士表示，罗宾逊飞机事故频发，不排除有机械故障的原因。“就一个事件本身来讲，导致事故的原因有很多，机械的故障、人员的操控、使用的航油都有可能导致事故。以航油为例，目前国内的航空汽油的来源渠道多样，质量也不稳定，劣质的航空汽油也可能导致R22飞机发动机空中停止工作。但从性能上来讲，活塞式直升机，尤其是R22这类轻型活塞直升机的安全系数确实要比涡轴直升机低一些。”捷德航空工业有限公司中国区总裁江文全向本刊这样解释。
活塞发动机是利用一个或多个活塞将压力转换成旋转动能的发动机，涡轴发动机是通过一个压力室，压缩空气，再将其压入燃烧室，形成高温高压的燃气带动涡轮。涡轴发动机比活塞发动机的重量轻，其次涡轴发动机振动小，噪音小。但在单位燃油消耗率方面，涡轴发动机逊于活塞发动机。A piston engine converts air pressure to kinetic energy with one or more pistons. A turbo engine forces air through a compressor， into a combustion chamber， and drives turbine with high-temperature， high-pressure exhaust. A turbo engine is lighter， quieter， and less vibrant than a piston engine. But a piston engine burns less fuel than a turboprop.
通航安全需要全盘考虑
另外一些业内人士认为，机械故障和飞行员操作失误只是表面的现象，事故的原因应该从深层次的角度去探寻。青岛九天飞行学院市场部部长张鸿飞对本刊说：“罗宾逊直升机在非高原环境下，其可靠性和经济性还是不错的。但需要注意的是，国内航空的发展主要集中在121部旅客运输方面，国内对直升机的需求一直不旺盛，故民航局对直升机的培训以及运营制定的标准相对固定翼低，从而导致了直升机的保有量不多，国内真正能飞的直升机也就400架左右。因为飞机少，对飞行员和机务人员的数量和素质要求相对则会降低，培训和运用过程中把关也会不严。”据悉，国内直升机驾驶员培训一般在3至6个月，某些通航公司的官网资料甚至显示，学员只需要3星期的密集培训就有机会考取直升机私用驾驶员执照。 罗宾逊直升机的性能到底如何，目前各方还没有得出权威结论。在诸多因素的干扰之下，萦绕在罗宾逊直升机周围的安全疑云远未散去，而业界亟盼了解的是除了该飞机自身是否存在缺陷外，中国直升机产业发展中是否还存在更需引起重视的涉及人才培养、行业管理、发展阶段和规律在内的一系列深层次问题。
针对近期国内不断频发的通航事故，本刊专门询问了中国民航局相关部门的负责人员，因为广州穗联直升机通用航空公司的事故还在调查中，该工作人员并未对事故做任何评断，而且也并未对今后在政策指导和部门监管上透露信息。他表示，通航安全需要全盘考虑，任何“夸大其词”和“因噎废食”都会对原本基础就薄弱的通航产生危害。
The Big Picture
Other insiders noted that we should look at underlying causes of the accidents rather than stop at superficial ones like technical fault or pilot error. Zhang Hongfei， Head of Marketing of Qiandao Jiutian International Flight Academy， told U-jet， "Robinson helicopters are quite reliable and economical under non-plateau environment. But it should be noted that because domestic aviation focus mainly on Part 121 passenger transportation， there is limited demand for helicopter and fewer regulation on its training and operation. There are only 400 helicopters operating in China. Less aircraft means looser training and operation regulation and lower qualification requirement for the small number of pilots and engineers."
In China， a helicopter pilot can acquire a certificate with a training of 3 to 6 months， some general aviation operators even claim on their websites that cadets can obtain a pilot certificate with a 3-week intensive training.
Whether aircraft performance underlines the recent crashes are still under investigation. But what the domestic industry expects to know is that apart from possible helicopter deficiencies， are there deeper questions， such as training standard， industry regulation， or development pattern of the industry that has to be addressed.
We also approached a related official in CAAC， but because the Guangzhou accident is still under investigation， He offered on comment on recent general aviation accidents or on future policy guidance and regulating measures. But he did emphasis that we should look at the whole picture when we consider general aviation safety， any "exaggeration" or "stop eating because of a hiccup" will shake up the already weak basis of the general aviation development in China.