中华民族在中国共产党领导下,跨越了资本主义“卡夫丁峡谷”,走上了社会主义的发展道路。然而如何正确地建设社会主义,从而开创自己独特的现代化进程,经过改革开放,最终建成社会主义现代化,这是当今一个十分重要的理论和现实问题。本文旨在这方面作些初步的探讨。(一) 经济文化落后的中国,跨越资本主义,直接走上了社会主义的现代化道路,有其特殊的历史必然性。历史唯物主义认为,推动人类社会发展的根本动力,是不断发展的生产力,这是第一位的决定因素。但经济不是唯一的决定因素,一个社会的变革,并不 Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the Chinese nation has crossed the “Cafudin Canyon” of capitalism and embarked on a path of socialist development. However, how to correctly construct socialism so as to create its own unique process of modernization and finally build a socialist modernization course is a very important theoretical and practical issue today. This article aims to make some preliminary discussions in this regard. (1) China, with an economically and culturally backward culture, has gone through capitalism and embarked on the path of socialist modernization with its particular historic inevitability. Historical materialism holds that the fundamental driving force for promoting the development of human society is the continuous development of productive forces, which is the first decisive factor. But economy is not the only determinant of a social change, not