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为了提高折叠波导行波管的注-波互作用效率,本文提出了两类变形的折叠波导高频结构,分别是直波导长度渐变的折叠波导以及部分加载介质的折叠波导。前者又分为连续渐变和阶梯渐变两种结构,后者有两段式及三段式介质加载两种;并从理论上分析了这两类结构。分别用等效电路法和矩形波导法分析计算了两种新型的折叠波导结构的相速,得出两者的波在轴向上的相速都降低了。再利用仿真软件进一步观察电子的运动情况和输出功率的情况,并对两种结构的参数进行了优化,优化结果可使输出功率提高达80%。仿真结果表明两种新型的结构都让更多的电子速度变慢,由此可以证明两种高频结构对注-波互作用效率有很大提高,也对输出功率有很大改善。
In order to improve the annihilating-wave interaction efficiency of folded waveguide TWTs, two types of deformed folded waveguide high-frequency structures are proposed, which are the folded waveguide with gradual change of the length of the waveguide and the folded waveguide of the partially loaded medium. The former is divided into continuous gradient and gradual gradient two structures, the latter two-stage and three-stage two types of media loading; and theoretical analysis of these two types of structures. The phase velocities of the two novel folded waveguide structures were calculated by the equivalent circuit method and the rectangular waveguide method, respectively, and the phase velocities of the two waves in the axial direction were reduced. Re-use of simulation software to further observe the movement of electrons and output power conditions, and the parameters of the two structures are optimized, the optimization results can increase the output power up to 80%. The simulation results show that the two new types of structures all make more electrons slower, which proves that the two high-frequency structures greatly improve the efficiency of the injection-wave interaction and greatly improve the output power.