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本文借鉴工资结构理论,从空间经济学的视角,以1998—2014年我国省际数据为样本,建立空间面板计量模型对市场潜能产生的城乡收入分配效应及其区域异质性进行了实证检验。研究发现,城乡收入差距表现出空间聚集的马太效应,市场潜能和城乡收入差距之间存在非线性的U型关系,并且呈现出地区异质性,在东中部表现明显,而西部不明显。跨越U型关系门槛值的天津、上海、江苏以及安徽,其市场潜能的极化效应发挥作用,受制于就业结构的固化累积,阻滞了城乡差距的缩小,其余省份仍可利用市场潜能的城乡收入均等化效应,提升市场潜能来缩小其收入差距。FDI缩小东中部城乡收入差距,对西部影响不显著;物质资本和人力资本投资的二元性拉大了差距,且西部人力资本投资的扩大效应强于东中部。
This paper draws lessons from the salary structure theory, from the perspective of space economics, from 1998 to 2014, the inter-provincial data in our country as a sample, the establishment of spatial panel econometric model of market potential income distribution effect and its regional heterogeneity were tested empirically. The study finds that the income gap between urban and rural areas shows the Matthew effect of spatial aggregation, and there exists a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between market potential and rural-urban income gap. Regional heterogeneity is evident in the eastern and central regions but not in western regions. Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Anhui, which cross the threshold of U-shaped relationship, play a role in the polarizing effect of their market potentials. Due to the solidification of the employment structure, the gap between urban and rural areas has been reduced and the remaining provinces can still utilize the market potential of urban and rural areas Income equalization effect, enhance market potential to narrow its income gap. FDI has narrowed the income gap between urban and rural areas in the eastern and central regions and had no significant effect on the western region. The duality of material capital and human capital investment widened the gap and the expansion effect of western human capital investment was stronger than that of the eastern and central regions.