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In conclusion,cumulative evidence consistently suggest that genetic mouse models ca-n help us to understand neurobiological basis of brain cognition andmental disease,and have generated new and novel information regarding the basic mechanisms ofchroni-c pain,particularly at the cortical levels. It is clear that injuries trigger a se-ries of plasticchanges in pain-related cortical areas including the ACC.Chronic pain also triggers a series of brain disorders such as emotional fear,anxiety,mood de-pression,and impairment of cognitivefunctions. Future studies designed to understa-nd the relationship between pain and mood disorders,and identify novel molecular targets contributing to these events,will help us to find better pain medicine.