Cytokines and chemokines are important in pathogenesis of acute inflammation and progression to renal failure in renal diseases.Furthermore, they are also important in the complications of patients receiving dialysis therapy.IL-lb and TNF-a are important in activation of endothelium and stimulation of production of other cytokines, including chemokines.CCL2 (also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-l) has been shown be have a critical role in recruitment of monocytes/macrophages to the site of inflammation.