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目的:探讨阿仑膦酸钠联合鼠李糖乳杆菌抗卵巢切除小鼠骨丢失的效果。方法:取雌性C57BL/6小鼠50只，随机分为5组（n n=10）：前4组切除卵巢，分别联合应用阿仑膦酸钠和鼠李糖乳杆菌（联合用药组）、单独应用阿仑膦酸钠（阿仑膦酸钠组）、单独应用鼠李糖乳杆菌（鼠李糖乳杆菌组）、应用生理盐水（单纯去势组），第5组不切除卵巢，应用生理盐水（假手术组）。术后3个月处死所有小鼠收集股骨，应用显微CT扫描分析小鼠股骨骨密度、骨小梁相对体积、骨表面积/骨体积、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁数量，三点弯曲测试检测最大载荷、刚度、极限载荷、杨氏模量及断裂能，眼球取血测定骨钙素和碱性磷酸酶，并比较组间以上指标。n 结果:联合用药组小鼠的股骨骨密度[（669.87±67.87）mg/cmn 3]、最大载荷[（14.35±0.75）N]、断裂能[（1 497.43±38.29）J/mn 2]显著高于阿仑膦酸钠组小鼠[（520.07±9.01）mg/cmn 3、（11.94±0.82）N、（1 277.61±35.12）J/mn 2]及鼠李糖乳杆菌组小鼠[（388.15±25.61）mg/cmn 3、（11.10±0.93）N、（1 115.27±63.24）J/mn 2]，差异均有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。联合用药组小鼠骨钙素水平为（22.25±1.78）ng/mL，显著高于阿仑膦酸钠组小鼠[（19.08±1.45）ng/mL]和单纯去势组小鼠[（19.33±1.66）ng/mL]，差异均有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。联合用药组小鼠碱性磷酸酶水平为（83.21±9.69）ng/mL，显著低于鼠李糖乳杆菌组小鼠[（113.16±14.44）ng/mL]及单纯去势组小鼠[（137.96±14.01）g/mL]，差异均有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。n 结论:阿仑膦酸钠联合鼠李糖乳杆菌保护卵巢切除小鼠骨丢失的效果优于单纯应用阿仑膦酸钠或鼠李糖乳杆菌，二者可发挥协同作用。“,”Objective:To study the protective effect of alendronate combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus on bone loss in ovariectomized mice.Methods:Fifty female C57BL/6 mice were divided into 5 equal groups (n n=10). Ovariotomy was performed in groups A, B, C and D while a sham operation was performed in group E. Group A was subjected to combined administration of alendronate and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, group B to administration of alendronate, group C to administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and groups D and E to administration of physiological saline only. At 3 months after operation, all the mice were sacrificed to harvest their femurs. Micro CT scanning was performed to detect the bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular relative volume, bone surface area/bone volume, and trabecular thickness and number of trabecular bone. Three-point bending test was used to detect the maximum load, stiffness, ultimate load, Young＇s modulus, and fracture energy. Osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured using blood samples from the mice eyeballs. The 2 groups were compared in terms of all the above indexes.n Results:The BMD [(669.87±67.87) mg/cmn 3], maximum load [(14.35±0.75) N] and fracture energy [(1,497.43±38.29) J/mn 2] in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [(520.07±9.01) mg/cmn 3, (11.94±0.82) N and(1,277.61±35.12) J/mn 2] and group C [(388.15±25.61) mg/cmn 3, (11.10±0.93) N and (1,115.27±63.24) J/mn 2] (all n P<0.05). The osteocalcin level in group A [(22.25±1.78) ng/mL] was significantly higher than that in group B [(19.08±1.45) ng/mL] and group D [(19.33±1.66) ng/mL] (bothn P<0.05). The alkaline phosphatase level in group A [(83.21±9.69) ng/mL] was significantly lower than that in group C [(113.16±14.44) ng/mL] and group D [(137.96±14.01) g/mL] (bothn P<0.05).n Conclusion:Alendronate combined with Lactobacillus rhamnosus may play a synergistic role in prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized mice, because combined administration of the two is more effective than administration of either of the two.