本文介绍了新研制的稀土钙钛矿型复合金属氧化物催化剂对柴油机排气微粒中的主要成分的净化效果，并采用透射电镜观测了净化前后微粒形貌的变化，同时还考查了碳烟沉积对排气背压的影响。结果表明，此种催化剂除了对排气微粒中有机可溶成分（ＳＯＦ）、苯并（ａ）芘（ＢａＰ）等有明显的净化效果外，还对碳烟微粒的形貌有较大影响，且积碳引起排气背压的升高不会恶化柴油机性能，通过改变发动机运行工况可以实现催化剂的再生。 In this paper, the purifying effect of the newly developed rare earth perovskite composite metal oxide catalyst on the main components of diesel engine exhaust particulates was introduced. The changes of particle morphology before and after purification were observed by transmission electron microscope. Meanwhile, the soot deposition Impact on exhaust back pressure. The results show that this catalyst not only has obvious purifying effect on SOF, BaP and so on, but also has a great influence on the morphology of soot particles, And carbon deposition caused by increased exhaust back pressure will not deteriorate the diesel engine performance, by changing the engine operating conditions can be achieved catalyst regeneration.