十九世纪末叶,近代科学的各门学科与研究方法相继传入中国,到了二十世纪三十年代中期,中国科学技术从学科的设置到研究设施、研究人才的培养都有了明显的进步。可是,不久爆发了抗日战争,现代中国初具规模的科学技术体系遭到了严重的破坏。国民党不战而退,一些著名的大学与研究机构纷纷内 By the end of the nineteenth century, various disciplines and research methods of modern science were successively introduced into China. By the mid-1930s, China’s science and technology had made significant progress in setting up disciplines, research facilities, and research personnel. However, soon after the war of resistance against Japan broke out, the scaled science and technology system in modern China was severely damaged. The Kuomintang retreated without a fight, and some well-known universities and research institutes included one after another