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格赖斯的“合作原则”是语用学研究的一个重要范畴。本文论述了有关合作原则的一些基本概念,并从说话者和听话者的角度出发探讨了特殊会话含义的产生和理解问题。日常交际中,说话者为了表达某种隐含意义,会有意违反合作原则,随之产生特殊会话含义;听话者依据合作原则,通过话语的语言和非语言语境推导出特殊会话含义。因此合作原则是交际双方为了达到交际目的而遵守的普遍原则。
Grice’s “Principles of Cooperation” is an important category of pragmatics research. This article discusses some basic concepts about the principle of cooperation and explores the generation and understanding of the meaning of special conversations from the perspective of the speaker and the hearer. In daily communication, in order to express some implicit meaning, the speaker intends to violate the principle of cooperation and subsequently generate special conversational meanings. The hearer deduces the special conversational meanings through the linguistic and nonverbal contexts of discourse according to the principle of cooperation. Therefore, the principle of cooperation is the universal principle that both parties in communication face in order to achieve their communicative goals.