五、关于了解研究学生思想状况的問題 思想政治教育必须结合学生的实际思想,为着結合学生的实际思想,就必須了解学生。过去我們也常常说要了解学生,实际上却并不真正了解学生,特别是不了解学生政治思想上的变化。产生这种情况的原因,不仅是由于了解学生的方法有問題,更重要的是对学生的看法有問题。在开設社会主义课的过程中,大家感到中学生政治思想上的問題,不能完全从年齡特征去說明,必須用阶級分析的方法加以研究,这是教育思想上一个很大的进步。年齡特征是客观的存在。中学生是青年和少年。青年和少年不管在生理上和心理上都跟成人不一样,这是事实。可是年龄特征的心理方面,必须作为社会現象才能说明得好。我国目前,阶級斗争并沒有完全熄灭,资产阶級思想影响更不是短时期內能够消失 V. Concerning the problem of understanding student’s ideological conditions Ideological and political education must be combined with the students’ actual thinking. In order to combine students’ practical ideas, we must understand students. In the past, we often said that we had to understand students. In fact, we did not really understand the students. In particular, we did not understand the students’ political and ideological changes. The reason for this situation is not only because of problems in understanding students’ methods, but more importantly, there are problems with students’ opinions. In the process of setting up a socialist class, everyone felt that the political ideological problems of middle school students cannot be fully explained by their age characteristics. They must be studied by means of class analysis. This is a great advancement in educational thinking. Age characteristics are objective existence. Junior high school students are young people and teenagers. It is a fact that young people and young people are not the same physically and psychologically as adults. However, the psychological aspect of age characteristics must be explained as a social phenomenon. At present, the class struggle in China is not completely extinguished, and the influence of bourgeois ideology is not even able to disappear within a short period of time.