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本文介绍了声弹性理论基础和有关焊接残余应力超声测量仪,利用声弹性应力分析方法测量了焊接对接接头中残余应力的分布,这一工作是通过采用脉冲回波重合法,测出主方向偏振超声剪切波速度差完成的,并提出了一种估算材料各向异性的新方法,研究结果表明,焊缝金属区的各向异性系数比母材区各向异性系数大得多,由声弹性方法测得的纵向残余应力分布与理论计算结果吻合较好,其测量精度明显高于由电阻应变仪测量的结果.
This paper introduces the theory of acoustic elasticity and the ultrasonic residual stress measurement instrument, the use of acoustic elastic stress analysis of welded joints measured residual stress distribution, this work is by using pulse echo coincidence method to measure the main direction of polarization Ultrasonic shearing wave velocity difference is completed, and a new method of estimating the material anisotropy is proposed. The results show that the anisotropy coefficient of the weld metal zone is much larger than the anisotropy coefficient of the base metal zone, The longitudinal residual stress distribution measured by the elastic method agrees well with the theoretical calculation results, and the measurement accuracy is obviously higher than that measured by the resistance strain gauge.