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社会风气是指整体或局部社会在一个阶段内所呈现的习尚、风貌,为一定社会中的风俗习惯、文化传统、行为模式、道德观念以及时尚等要素的总和,对人们行为产生潜移默化的影响。南京临时政府成立以后,不仅认识到改造社会风气的重要性,而且在实践上采取禁鸦片、禁赌博、放足、剪辫、弃繁缛礼节及刑讯逼供等措施,力图尽快奠定资产阶级执政的社会文化根基。资产阶级革命派的社会风气改革运动以资产阶级民主共和人权为基本理念,以法制为保障,以西方为蓝本、吸收中国传统风俗中的精华,取得了一定的成效。但也存在着宣传发动不够深入、持久性差等不足,这决定了这场运动不可能从根本上获得成功。对南京临时政府的社会风气净化运动的得失进行分析,对当前的社会建设具有一定借鉴意义。
The social ethos refers to the habits and styles of the society as a whole or part of society in a stage, which is the sum of the social customs, cultural traditions, behavior patterns, ethics and fashion in a certain society, which has a subtle influence on people’s behavior. After the founding of the interim government, Nanjing not only realized the importance of reforming the social atmosphere but also practiced measures such as opium prohibition, gambling prohibition, foot release, pigtail cutting, abandonment of fanfare and confessions by torture and tried hard to establish the society in which the bourgeoisie was ruling as soon as possible Cultural foundation. The bourgeois revolutionist’s social ethics reform movement took the basic idea of bourgeois democratic republican human rights as the basic idea, took the legal system as the safeguard, took the western as the foundation, absorbed the essence of Chinese traditional customs and achieved certain results. However, there are also some shortcomings such as insufficient propaganda and persistent persecution, which determine that this campaign can not be fundamentally successful. An analysis of the pros and cons of the campaign of purifying social ethics by the interim government in Nanjing is of some reference to the current social construction.