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约翰·福斯特·杜勒斯是艾森豪威尔政府对华政策以至整个对外政策的主要制定者和执行者。沃尔特·李普曼曾经这样评论道:“没有一个总统在战争与和平问题上给予他的国务卿如此大的权力。”那么他在任期内是怎样影响了美国对华政策的制定和执行过程?他所提供和执行的对华政策具有哪些特点?杜勒斯对中国采取“战争边缘术”的真正考虑是什么?杜勒斯外交政策思想的来源何在?本文试就这些问题进行初步的探讨和分析。
John Foster Dulles was the chief architect and executor of the Eisenhower administration’s China policy and its entire foreign policy. Walter Lipman once commented: “No president possesses so much power over his secretary of state over issues of war and peace.” How did he affect the formulation and implementation of U.S. policy toward China during his tenure? What are the characteristics of the China policy provided and implemented? What are the real considerations that Dulles adopts when he takes “war edge technology” toward China? What are the sources of Dulles’s foreign policy thoughts? This paper attempts to conduct a preliminary discussion and analysis on these issues.