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蛋白质的糖基化是一种最为重要的蛋白质翻译后修饰。它涉及多种生物途径和分子功能。蛋白质上糖链位点的异常改变与许多疾病有着密切的联系。已确认的癌症生物标志物中超过一半都属于糖蛋白。无论是在疾病的早期检测还是疾病的疗效评价,糖蛋白的糖链都可以作为明确的生物标志物。因此近几年,糖蛋白质组学逐渐成为一个新兴的热点研究领域,并为癌症生物标志物的发现做出了重要的贡献。目前,基于质谱技术的糖蛋白质组学可以实现对上千种糖蛋白的分析,从而获得蛋白糖基化的定性和定量方面的详细信息。本文对近些年糖蛋白质组学研究的方法和技术以及其在癌症研究中的应用进行了总结。
Glycosylation of proteins is one of the most important post-translational modifications of proteins. It involves a variety of biological pathways and molecular functions. Abnormal changes in sugar chain sites on proteins are closely linked to many diseases. More than half of all confirmed cancer biomarkers are glycoproteins. Whether in the early detection of disease or the efficacy of disease evaluation, glycoprotein sugar chain can be used as a clear biomarker. Therefore, in recent years, glycoproteomics has gradually become a hot research field and has made an important contribution to the discovery of cancer biomarkers. At present, mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomics enables the analysis of thousands of glycoproteins to provide qualitative and quantitative information on glycosylation of proteins. This article summarizes the methods and techniques of glycoproteomics research in recent years and their applications in cancer research.