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ERP即(企业资源计划)是由美国著名的国际咨询公司Gart-ner集团提出的,其形成经历了物料需求计划(MRP)、闭环MRP、制造资源计划(MRP2)以及ERP即等4个阶段:MRP是以库存控制为核心的软件系统,将物料需求计划、车间作业计划和采购计划整合在一起形成一个封闭的系统;闭环MRP则在MRP的基础上增加了对企业的生产能力负荷的分析和计算;MRP2在MRP和闭环MRP的基础上增加了管理会计的功能:而ERP则实现了企业的全面资源管理。
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) was proposed by Gartner Group, a famous American international consulting company. Its formation has undergone four stages of material demand planning (MRP), closed loop MRP, manufacturing resource planning (MRP2) and ERP. MRP is a software system which takes inventory control as the core. The MRP integrates the material requirements planning, the workshop work planning and the procurement planning together to form a closed system. The closed-loop MRP adds the analysis of the production capacity load of the enterprise based on the MRP MRP2 adds management accounting capabilities to MRP and closed-loop MRP: ERP, on the other hand, enables organizations to achieve total resource management.