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土壤砷污染是一种严重的环境问题,植物对砷的耐性与积累性,已经成为污染生态学研究的热点。以新疆奎屯垦区为研究区域,通过对该地区土壤和植物中砷含量的测定,分析土壤中砷的污染状况,研究该区域内植物对砷的吸收特征,筛选适合当地气候的耐砷植物。结果表明:奎屯垦区土壤中砷的含量范围在7.25-39.63mg·kg-1,平均值为19.32mg·kg-1,高于全国的平均水平。对该区域内植物的采样分析发现藨草(ScirpusL)和芦苇(Phragmites)两种植物对砷具有较强的耐性。砷在两种植物中的含量分别为:藨草根部251.40mg·kg-1,地上部12.38mg·kg-1;芦苇根部92.91mg·kg-1,地上部4.03mg·kg-1,两种植物根部砷含量均高于土壤中砷含量(39.63mg·kg-1),表现出根部囤积型植物的特征。
Soil arsenic pollution is a serious environmental problem. Plant tolerance and accumulation of arsenic has become a hot research topic in pollution ecology. Taking the Kuitun reclamation area of Xinjiang as the research area, the arsenic contamination in the soil was analyzed by measuring the content of arsenic in soils and plants in this area. The characteristics of arsenic absorption by plants in this area were studied, and the arsenic-tolerant plants suitable for the local climate were screened. The results showed that the content of arsenic in the soil of Kuitun reclamation area ranged from 7.25 to 39.63 mg · kg-1 with the average value of 19.32 mg · kg-1, which was higher than the national average level. Sampling analysis of the plants in the area found that ScirpusL and Phragmites plants are more resistant to arsenic. The contents of arsenic in the two plants were 251.40 mg · kg-1 in the roots and 12.38 mg · kg-1 in the shoots, 92.91 mg · kg-1 in the roots and 4.03 mg · kg-1 in the shoots, respectively The arsenic content in plant roots was higher than that in soil (39.63 mg · kg-1), showing the characteristics of root-hoarding plants.