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从天然产物中寻找抗肿瘤成份最早可追溯于1820年从植物秋水仙中分得的秋水仙碱,尽管嗣后筛选了一系列类似物,但由于治疗指数狭窄,未能达到预期的结果。1937年美国成立国立肿瘤研究所(简称NCI),其任务为提供、促进和协调有关抗肿瘤成份的研究,当时发现美洲鬼臼(Podophyllum peltatum)及西藏鬼臼(P.emodi Wall)中的鬼臼树脂所具有阻止细胞有丝分裂的作用类似于秋水仙碱,其中主要成份为鬼臼毒、脱甲基鬼臼毒、α*足叶草脂素和β-足叶草脂素。到1955年美国又成立国立肿瘤化疗中心(简称CCNSC),协调肿瘤化疗工作,
The search for anti-tumor components from natural products dates back to colchicine, which was originally obtained from plant colchicine in 1820. Although a series of analogs were subsequently screened, the expected therapeutic results were not achieved due to the narrow therapeutic index. In 1937, the United States established the National Cancer Institute (NCI) whose mission is to provide, promote and coordinate research on anti-tumor components. At that time, it was discovered that the podophyllum peltatum and the ghosts in the P. edemodi Wall Mortar has the function of preventing cell mitosis similar to colchicine, the main ingredient of which is podophyllotoxin, demethyl-podophyllotoxin, α * footpadin, and β-footpadolin. By 1955, the United States established the National Cancer Chemotherapy Center (referred to as CCNSC) to coordinate the work of tumor chemotherapy,