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目的 分析职业性噪声暴露与甲状腺结节的关联性.方法 对武汉市某卷烟厂职业性噪声强度按工种进行定点检测,并对1219名工人进行职业健康检查.依据作业场所的噪声强度,将卷包车间和制丝车间754名工人作为暴露组,465名动力车间和行政与后勤人员作为对照组.结果 在2013年的基线资料中,暴露组和对照组甲状腺结节的患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).2014和2015年暴露组甲状腺结节的新发率(8.0％和14.3％)略高于对照组(7.3％和13.7％);与2013年相比,2014年,暴露组结节直径增加超过20％的个体所占的百分比(26.1％)略高于对照组(19.8％),且2015年也有同样的趋势,即暴露组和对照组结节直径增加超过20％的个体所占的百分比分别为34.0％和29.7％,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).此外,在暴露组中,工龄越长,患病率越高,结节直径越大.结论 职业性噪声暴露可加剧甲状腺结节的进展,其对内分泌系统的影响需引起进一步关注.“,”Objective To investigate the association between occupational exposure to noise and thyroid nodules among workers in cigarette factory. Methods A total of 1219 workers from a cigarette factory were included in this prospective study. Noise level(dB(A))was locally measured by noise meter recorder. The workers were classified into exposure group and control group basing on the noise levels of their workplaces. Results No significant difference in the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules were found between the workers from the exposure and the control groups in the baseline data in 2013(P >0.05). According to the follow up data in 2014 and 2015,the incidence of thyroid nodules was a little higher in the exposure group (8％ and 14.3％)than that in the control group (7.3％ and 13.7％). Also,the percent of workers whose nodules' diameter increasing by 20％ were higher in the exposure group(26.1％)than that in the control group(19.8％) in 2014. Similar trend was observed in the data of 2015. In addition,workers with longer work years had higher prevalence rate and larger nodules, especially in the exposure group. Conclusions Occupational exposure to noise might be one of risk factors to thyroid nodules. More attentions need to be paid to the effect of occupational noise to the endocrine system.