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目的准确了解北京市顺义区居民膳食中的食盐摄入量,针对高尿钠人群采取有效控制措施。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对辖区内604户18岁以上1 425名居民进行调查,包括问卷资料、膳食调查和医学检查。内容包括年龄、职业、教育水平、婚姻状况、个人健康状况以及3日膳食摄入情况;医学体检包括测量身高、体重和24 h尿钠检测;采用双变量相关分析尿钠与食盐摄入量的相关性。结果 289份尿钠中位数为157.8 mmol,相当于9.22 g食盐,其中城市138.4 mmol(8.09 g),农村170.1 mmol(9.94 g),农村高于城市(P<0.05);不同性别年龄间差异无统计学意义;729人膳食调查食盐摄入量中位数为9.8 g,其中城市8.8 g,农村10.3 g,农村高于城市(P<0.05);不同性别年龄间差异无统计学意义;24 h尿钠与食盐摄入量呈正相关(r=0.139,P<0.05)。结论北京市顺义区成人居民食盐摄入量、尿钠水平较高,应针对相关危险因素加强高尿钠人群的干预。
Objective To understand the salt intake of residents in Shunyi District of Beijing accurately and to take effective control measures for the high-urinary sodium population. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to survey 604 households over 1 425 residents over the age of 18, including questionnaires, dietary surveys and medical examinations. Content includes age, occupation, educational level, marital status, personal health status and dietary intake on the 3rd; medical examination, including height, weight and 24-hour urine sodium test; bivariate correlation analysis of urinary sodium and salt intake Correlation. Results The median of urinary sodium in 289 patients was 157.8 mmol, equivalent to 9.22 g of salt, including 138.4 mmol (8.09 g) in urban area, 170.1 mmol (9.94 g) in rural area, and higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P <0.05) The median of salt intake in 729 people was 9.8 g, 8.8 g in urban area, 10.3 g in rural area, and higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between different genders. 24 Urinary sodium and salt intake was positively correlated (r = 0.139, P <0.05). Conclusion Adult inhabitants of Shunyi District, Beijing have higher salt intake and urine sodium level. Interventions should be given to those with high risk of urinary sodium in response to the relevant risk factors.