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本文评述美国、西欧和日本近年来在实验力学几个主要领域所取得的进展.在常用的实验应力分析方法方面,列举了新的脆性涂层和用于高、低温场合的特殊应变计.在光力学方面,列举了云纹法,二维和三维光弹性,动态光弹性,各向异性光弹性,全息照相,散斑干涉和焦散线法.在实验断裂力学方面,报导了疲劳损伤检测方法,光弹性用于断裂研究,全息照相用于断裂力学,声发射技术的应用,以及超声波技术.最后谈到微型电子计算机在实验力学中的应用,是一重要的新发展,值得引起注意.
This article reviews the progress made by the United States, Western Europe and Japan in several major areas of experimental mechanics in recent years, and lists new brittle coatings and special strain gauges for high and low temperature applications in commonly used methods of experimental stress analysis. In terms of photomechanics, the moiré method, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional photoelasticity, the dynamic photoelasticity, the anisotropy photoelasticity, the holography, the speckle interference and the caustic method are listed. In the field of experimental fracture mechanics, the fatigue damage detection Method, photoelasticity for fracture research, holography for fracture mechanics, acoustic emission technology, and ultrasonic technology.Finally, the application of micro-computer in experimental mechanics is an important new development and deserves our attention.