Nitrogen doped tin oxide nanostructured catalysts for selective electrochemical reduction of carbon

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Tin/tin oxide materials are key electrocatalysts for selective conversion of CO2 to formate/formic acid.Herein we report a tin oxide material with nitrogen doping by using ammonia treatment at elevated temperature.The N doped material demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction activity,showing high Faradaic efficiency (90%) for formate at-0.65 V vs.RHE with partial current density of 4 mA/cm2.The catalysis was contributed to increased electron negativity of N atom compared to O atom.Additionally,the N-doped catalyst demonstrates sulfur tolerance with retained formate selectivity.The analysis after electrolysis shows that the catalyst structure partially converts to metallic Sn,and thus the combined Sn/N-SnO2 is the key for the active CO2 catalysis.
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