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目的了解北京市大兴区青少年健康危险行为现状和流行趋势,为卫生、教育部门及学校制定相关政策和干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取北京市大兴区9所中学共1 980名学生进行无记名问卷调查。结果过去7天里,28.64%的学生在西式快餐店吃过饭;过去30天里,出现骑自行车违规和步行违规行为的学生分别占36.31%和61.97%;过去12个月里,16.46%的学生有意伤害过自己,15.81%的学生有自杀倾向:35.61%的学生有吸烟史,饮酒的学生中36.15%在14岁以前开始饮酒;过去12个月里,13.99%的学生看过色情书籍或音像制品;高中6.78%的学生曾经有过性行为。健康危险行为在北京市大兴区青少年中广泛存在,大部分危险行为发生率在不同性别和不同学级学生中差异有统计学意义。结论相关部门应该重视青少年危险行为,及时、有效、因地制宜地开展以生活技能为基础的学校健康教育,培养青少年健康行为习惯,提高其整体健康水平。
Objective To understand the status quo and prevalence of health risk behaviors among adolescents in Daxing District of Beijing and to provide scientific basis for formulating relevant policies and interventions in health, education and schools. Methods A total of 1 980 students from 9 secondary schools in Daxing District of Beijing were sampled by stratified cluster sampling to conduct a census questionnaire. Results In the past seven days, 28.64% of students eaten in western fast food restaurants. In the past 30 days, 36.31% and 61.97% of students reported cycling and walking irregularities respectively. In the past 12 months, 16.46% 15.81% students committed suicide: 35.61% of students had a history of smoking, 36.15% of students drinking alcohol began to drink before the age of 14; 13.99% of the students had read pornography in the past 12 months or Audio-visual products; 6.78% of high school students had had sexual intercourse. Health risk behavior is widespread in adolescents in Daxing District, Beijing. The incidence of most dangerous behaviors is statistically significant among students of different genders and different levels. Conclusion Relevant departments should attach importance to young people’s dangerous behavior, timely, effective, and according to local conditions to carry out life-skills-based school health education, training of young people’s healthy behavior and improve their overall health.