血管炎(vasculitis)是指血管的炎症,有二种:一种是范围和病变都是局限性的,如结节性红斑、皮肤的Arthus氏反应及局部感染等。这类血管炎除有诊断意义以外,对病人威胁不大。而另一种全身性的进行性的血管炎,则可影响功能,甚或致命。最早研究全身性血管炎的是Kussmaul和Maier(1866),直至1930年以前还沿用他们提出的“结节性动脉周围炎”的名称。Klinger(1931)和Wegener(1939)报告一些病例在临床及病理上均不同于结节性动脉周围炎,称为“Wegeaer氏肉芽肿病”。Churg和Strauss(1951)在结 Vasculitis refers to the inflammation of blood vessels, there are two: one is the scope and lesions are limited, such as erythema nodosum, Arthus’s skin reaction and local infections. In addition to the diagnostic significance of such vasculitis, the patient is not threatened. Another systemic vasculitis can affect the function, or even fatal. Kussmaul and Maier (1866), the earliest studies on systemic vasculitis, did not follow the name of “nodular periarteritis” until 1930. Klinger (1931) and Wegener (1939) report that some cases are clinically and pathologically distinct from nodular peritonitis, known as “Wegeaer’s granulomatosis.” Churg and Strauss (1951) are at the end