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中国杂交水稻的研究始于20世纪60年代,70年代开始大面积应用。以核质互作雄性不育系为遗传工具的三系法杂交水稻(第1代杂交水稻)和以光温敏不育系为遗传工具的两系法杂交水稻(第2代杂交水稻)的研究相继成功与应用对国家粮食增产贡献巨大,但因三系配组受恢保关系制约,而两系不育系的育性易受环境影响,导致水稻杂种优势利用的潜力未能得到充分发挥。在总结第1代和第2代杂交水稻育种技术基础上,阐述了以遗传工程雄性不育系为遗传工具的第3代杂交水稻育种技术的发展,分析了该技术对杂交水稻发展的重要意义,并展望了第3代杂交水稻的研究前景。
The research on Chinese hybrid rice began in the 1960s and began to be widely applied in the 1970s. The three-line hybrid rice (1st generation hybrid rice) and the two-line hybrid rice (2nd generation hybrid rice) using photoperiod-sensitive male-sterile lines as genetic tools Success and application of research have contributed a lot to the national grain yield increase. However, the three-line system is restricted by the relationship between the two countries. However, the fertility of two-line CMS is sensitive to the environment and the potential of rice heterosis utilization can not be fully exerted . On the basis of summarizing the first generation and second generation hybrid rice breeding techniques, the third generation hybrid rice breeding technology using genetic engineering male sterile lines as genetic tools was expounded, and the importance of this technology to the development of hybrid rice was analyzed , And looked forward to the third generation of hybrid rice research prospects.