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前言随着科学技术的飞速发展,作为尖端科学领域的受控热核反应,高能加速器等装置,要求有大型和结构复杂的超导磁体。并希望磁体设计、制造工艺简单,使用时低温稳定性能良好。中空超导体就是符合这些要求的理想材料。自从1965年发现超临界 He 以后,各国逐渐开始研究中空超导体,并建立超临界He 强制循环冷却的超导磁体系统。如欧洲原子能委员会(CERN)用中空超导体制成 Omega 磁体,用在火花室上,已于1972年开始正常运转。又于1978年制成偶极子磁体,用于300Gev 质子同步加速器上。日本的电子技术实验室(ETL)从七十年代初也开始了对中空超导体及强冷系统进
Introduction With the rapid development of science and technology, as a controlled thermonuclear reaction and high-energy accelerator in cutting-edge science, large and complex superconducting magnets are required. And hope that the magnet design, manufacturing process is simple, the use of low temperature stability is good. Hollow superconductor is the ideal material to meet these requirements. Since the discovery of supercritical He in 1965, various countries gradually began to study hollow superconductors and established supercritical He forced circulation cooling superconducting magnet systems. Such as the European Atomic Energy Commission (CERN) made of hollow superconductor Omega magnet, used in the spark room, has been in operation since 1972. And in 1978 made of dipole magnets for 300 Gev proton synchrotron. Japan’s electronic technology laboratory (ETL) from the early seventies began to hollow superconductor and cooling system into