目的：比较CT与常规X线在胸部外伤中的诊断价值。材料与方法：对71例胸部外伤病例分别进行胸部平片及CT检查，就其胸片与CT的诊断结果作比较分析。结果：CT诊断诸如肺挫伤、肺撕裂伤、外伤后肺不张、微量气胸、微量血胸、隐匿性肋骨骨折等胸部外伤性病变明显优于胸片。结论：对于胸片未能明确诊断的胸部外伤病例，为防止漏诊应加做CT扫描。 Objective: To compare the diagnostic value of CT and conventional X-ray in chest trauma. Materials and Methods: Chest radiographs and CT examinations were performed on 71 cases of chest trauma. The diagnostic results of chest radiographs and CT were compared. Results: CT diagnosis of chest trauma lesions such as pulmonary contusion, laceration of lung, traumatic atelectasis, micro pneumothorax, micro hemothorax, occult rib fractures were significantly better than chest radiograph. Conclusions: For cases of chest trauma where the chest radiograph fails to be definitively diagnosed, a CT scan should be performed to prevent any missed diagnosis.