无产阶级政党在取得执政地位以后,如何保持党的生机和活力,保持党与人民群众的血肉联系,保证党的正确领导和执政地位,跳出“其兴也勃焉,其亡也忽焉”的历史周期率,这一直是毛泽东、邓小平等老一辈革命家执着追求、悉心探索的重大课题。毛泽东同志在1945年与黄炎培先生那段著名的谈话中,曾坚定自信地说,“我们已经找到了新路,这条新路,就是民主。只有让人民监督政府,政府才不敢松懈;只有人人起来负责,才不会人亡政息。”循着毛泽东开创的这条“新路”,邓小平同志在50年代多次强调, After the proletarian party attained its ruling position, how to maintain the vigor and vitality of the party, maintain the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the people, and ensure the party’s correct leadership and ruling position, so as to jump out of “its prosperousness and its vicissitudes”? The historical cycle rate has always been a major issue pursued and carefully explored by the older generation of revolutionaries like Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. In his famous talk with Mr. Huang Yanpei in 1945, Comrade Mao Tse-tung said firmly and confidently: “We have found a new road to democracy. Only by letting the people supervise the government will the government not dare to relax; only In the 1950s, Comrade Deng Xiaoping repeatedly emphasized that following the ”new road" pioneered by Mao Zedong,