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回交育种是把有利基因从供体亲本向受体亲本转移的一种有效方法 ,标记辅助选择可加速其进程。为了制定合理的标记辅助选择计划 ,育种家必须知道所需的后代群体大小。该文提出了一种估算在标记辅助回交育种中同时进行前景选择和背景选择所需群体大小的方法。在假定所需转移的目标基因座与遗传背景之间为相互独立的简化假设下 ,可以通过将解析方法 (针对前景选择 )与基于回交亲本图示基因型的模拟方法 (针对背景选择 )相结合 ,近似地估计出在每一世代中选到所需基因型的概率 ,进而估算出在一定概率水平下至少获得一个符合要求的个体所需的最小样本容量。用假想的例子演示了该方法的使用情况。该方法可以很方便地应用于实际的回交育种。
Backcross breeding is an effective method to transfer favorable genes from donor to recipient parents. Marker-assisted selection can speed up the process. In order to develop a reasonable marker-assisted selection plan, breeders must know the size of the offspring they need. This paper presents a method to estimate the size of the population needed for simultaneous foreground selection and background selection in marker-assisted backcross breeding. Under the simplified assumption that the desired target locus to be transferred and the genetic background are independent from each other, the analytical method (for foreground selection) can be combined with the simulation method based on the backcrossing parent-illustrated genotype (for background selection) In combination, the probability of selecting the desired genotype in each generation is estimated approximately, and the minimum sample size required to obtain at least one eligible individual at a certain probability level is estimated. The hypothetical example demonstrates the use of this method. This method can be easily applied to actual backcross breeding.