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血管内皮作为血管壁的衬里,参与调节组织器官的局部血流和机体其它生理进程,在维持血管完整性和内环境稳定中发挥关键作用。内皮细胞对包括重力在内的机械应力刺激极为敏感,重力变化可对其形态和功能构成不同程度的影响。研究发现,失重/模拟失重通过诱导内皮细胞细胞骨架重塑、质膜caveolae重布,使其合成分泌血管活性物质、炎性介质的能力以及细胞表面粘附分子表达发生改变,这些分子变化又对内皮细胞的生长、增殖、凋亡、迁移和血管生成等具有精细调控作用。本文综合评述了失重/模拟失重对内皮细胞功能的影响,同时围绕文献报道中一些尚存争议的观点进行了适当讨论。
Endothelium serves as lining of vascular wall and participates in the regulation of local blood flow in tissues and organs and other physiological processes in the body and plays a key role in maintaining vascular integrity and internal environment stability. Endothelial cells are extremely sensitive to mechanical stress, including gravity, and gravity changes can affect their morphology and function to varying degrees. Studies have found that weightlessness / simulated weightlessness can be altered by inducing endothelial cell cytoskeleton remodeling, plasma membrane caveolae redistribution, the ability to synthesize and secrete vasoactive substances, inflammatory mediators, and cell surface adhesion molecules Endothelial cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis with fine regulation. This review summarizes the effects of weightlessness / simulated weightlessness on endothelial cell function, and discusses some of the remaining controversial issues in the literature.