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在溶剂(水)-反溶剂(乙醇)体系下,利用反溶剂超声分散法制备磷酸二氢铵超细粉体,探索得到一种简便、经济的超细粉体制备方法,为后续灭火材料的制备提供基础。研究了超声时间、溶液初始浓度、溶剂-反溶剂体积比、超声功率等条件对磷酸二氢铵粉体形貌和粒径的影响。利用纳米激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、红外光谱、X-射线衍射等对原料和产物进行表征分析。实验结果表明:超声时间为4 min,磷酸二氢铵溶液浓度为0.1 mol/L,溶剂反溶剂体积比为2∶8,超声功率为仪器总功率的9%时,可得粒径500 nm左右的磷酸二氢铵纳米流体;高速离心及真空干燥后,得到粒径2~3μm的固体颗粒产物。
In the solvent (water) - anti-solvent (ethanol) system, the use of anti-solvent ultrasonic dispersion method to prepare ultrafine ammonium dihydrogen phosphate powder to explore a simple and economical method for the preparation of ultrafine powder for subsequent fire extinguishing materials Preparation provides the basis. The effects of ultrasonic time, initial concentration of solution, volume ratio of solvent to antisolvent, ultrasonic power on the morphology and particle size of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate powder were studied. The materials and products were characterized by means of nano-laser particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show that when the ultrasonic time is 4 min, the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is 0.1 mol / L, the volume ratio of solvent to solvent is 2: 8 and the ultrasonic power is 9% of the total power of the instrument, the particle size is about 500 nm Of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate nanofluid; after high-speed centrifugation and vacuum drying, to obtain a particle size of 2 ~ 3μm solid particulate product.