目的了解狂犬病暴露后人群特点,为狂犬病暴露后处置及狂犬病预防提供依据。方法以随机抽样的方法从2013年湖北省疾病预防控制中心犬伤门诊病例中抽取557份病例,作为研究对象。按照性别、年龄、致伤动物、致伤方式、受伤时间、受伤部位、受伤后自行处理、受伤后到就诊的时间间隔以及暴露后的诊断分级等方面进行分析。结果男性与女性致伤比例基本相当。从年龄上看,20~年龄组致伤人数最多,≥60年龄组致伤人数最少。犬在致伤动物中比例最高,其次是猫和鼠。不同致伤方式中咬伤最多,其次是抓伤、添及黏膜最少。不同受伤时间中上午最多、下午次之、晚间比下午稍微少一点。不同致伤部位中上肢受伤最多、其次是下肢、再次是躯干、头面部受伤最少。从受伤后是否清洗伤口看,大部分人没有自行清洗伤口。不同就医的时间间隔人数4 h~时间段最多,0 h~时间段次之,24 h以后最少。不同咬伤程度中,Ⅱ级暴露人数最多,Ⅲ级暴露人数次之,I级暴露人数最少。结论相关部门必须加强犬只管理,提高狂犬病防治知识的知晓率,及时处理伤口并接种狂犬疫苗和狂犬病免疫球蛋白。 Objective To understand the characteristics of the population after rabies exposure and to provide the basis for rabies exposure and rabies prevention. Methods A total of 557 cases of dog outpatient visits from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hubei Province in 2013 were randomly selected as the study subjects. Analyze according to gender, age, animal, method of injury, time of injury, site of injury, self-injury after injury, time to visit after injury and diagnostic grading after exposure. Results The proportion of male and female injuries was basically the same. In terms of age, the number of injuries was the highest in 20 ~ age groups and the least in ≥ 60 age groups. Dogs in the highest proportion of animal injuries, followed by cats and mice. Bite injury in different ways up, followed by scratching, Tim and mucous membrane at least. Different injuries in the morning up, afternoon, followed by a little less than the afternoon. Injuries in different parts of the upper limb injuries, followed by the lower limbs, torso again, the least head and facial injuries. Whether or not to clean the wound after the injury, most people do not clean the wound. The number of different medical treatment time interval 4 h ~ the most time period, 0 h ~ time period second, at least after 24 h. Among the different types of bites, Ⅱ was the most exposed, followed by Ⅲ, and I was the least exposed. Conclusion Related departments must strengthen the management of dogs, improve the awareness rate of rabies prevention and treatment, timely treatment of wounds and vaccination rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin.