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目的探讨吸烟是否影响人类对砷的代谢和甲基化。方法检索纳入有关吸烟和砷代谢产物关系的1994—2008年发表的文献6篇,应用随机效应模型和固定效应模型对吸烟与人尿中无机砷(iAs)、一甲基胂酸(MMA)、二甲基胂酸(DMA)含量占总砷百分比的关系进行综合的定量分析。结果吸烟组尿中iAs百分比的合并加权均数差(weightmean difference,WMD)为0.59(95%CI:-0.01～1.18);吸烟组尿中MMA百分比的合并WMD为2.44(95%CI:1.95～2.94);吸烟组尿中DMA百分比的合并WMD为-3.04(95%CI:-4.01～-2.07)。Meta分析提示吸烟组尿中MMA百分比高于非吸烟组,而吸烟组尿中DMA百分比低于非吸烟组。结论吸烟可能是人类对砷代谢和甲基化影响因素之一。
Objective To investigate whether smoking affects human metabolism and methylation of arsenic. METHODS: Six articles published in 1994-2008 on the relationship between smoking and arsenic metabolites were included in this study. The effects of inorganic arsenic (IAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) content as a percentage of total arsenic for a comprehensive quantitative analysis. Results The WMD of iAs in urine of smokers was 0.59 (95% CI: -0.01-1.18). The WMD of smokers with urinary MMA was 2.44 (95% CI: 1.95 ~ 2.94). The combined WMD of urine DMA in smokers was -3.04 (95% CI: -4.01 ~ -2.07). Meta-analysis suggested that the percentage of MMA in urine of smokers was higher than that of non-smokers while the percentage of DMA in smokers was lower than that of non-smokers. Conclusion Smoking may be one of the influencing factors of arsenic metabolism and methylation in humans.