文化是人类本质的全面外化 ,人的本质需要既是文化的起点又是文化的终点。人的本质需要主要有两点 :自我保存(人的生物性意义上的自我满足)与自我实现。就自我实现而言 ,人类必须以一定的方式完成类存在的特殊性 ,尤其是与一般动物(生物本能)构成区别 ;就自我保存(自我满足)而言 ,人类又必须使自已的生物本能获得充分的满足。前者要求文化尽可能地掩盖人的生物本能 ,后者则又要求文化尽可能地满足人的生物本能———这就是文化的命运。因此 ,文化注定是双重性格的 ,也就是说它既是遮掩品又是点缀品 ,体现了文化的文饰功能 Culture is the overall externalization of human nature. The essence of human needs both the starting point of culture and the end of culture. There are mainly two essential human needs: self-preservation (human self-satisfaction in the biological sense) and self-realization. In terms of self-actualization, mankind must complete the particularity of class existence in a certain way, especially distinguishing it from the general animal (biological instinct). In terms of self-preservation (self-satisfaction), human beings must make their own biological instinct Fully satisfied. The former requires that culture conceal man’s biological instincts as much as possible, while the latter requires that cultures meet human biological instincts as far as possible --- this is the fate of culture. Therefore, the culture is bound to be double-personality, that is, it is both cover and ornament, embodies the cultural function of the decoration